With the severe crackdown from the Brazilian government, the VPR was effectively destroyed as a militant entity.  The group has been inactive for over 35 years and will not be responsible for further violence.

The Forces Autodefense Populaires (FAP), or Mai-Mai, is not so much a single organized terrorist group as it is a confederation of militias operating in the Democratic Republic of Congo.  Made up of Congolese natives favoring national unity and opposed to outside interference in Congo's brutal civil war, the Mai-Mai have fought Rwandan and Ugandan army elements, rebel groups, and multinational-corporations.  The government and army of the DRC, led first by Laurent Kabila and subsequently by his son, Joseph, are suspected of directly supporting the Mai-Mai, in large part because central authorities were incapable of preventing foreign incursions.  However, the Mai-Mai's guns have increasingly been turned on government forces in recent months.  On a similar note, while the Mai-Mai often rely on popular support from the villages, they are also known to prey on those same villages when they need food, shelter, or money.   Known previously for terrorist attacks on Congolese civilian targets, such as markets and public transportation, the FAP gained international notoriety after taking 26 hostages from a Thai-Ugandan logging company operating in the Northeast of the country.  The hostages, who included one Kenyan, one Swede, and 24 Thai nationals, were abducted from their company's compound on May 15, 2001.  The FAP claimed that it was acting out of anger at the looting of Congolese resources by foreigners, and demanded that any negotiations for the hostages' release be observed by both UN representatives and officials from the embassy of either the US, France, Belgium, Sudan, Libya, Angola, or Zimbabwe.  The group eventually released the hostages without receiving any significant concessions.

The fighting in the DRC continues today and the Mai-Mai are as active as ever.  However, much of the FAP's recent have been with the Congolese Armed Forces (FAC), rather than anti-government rebels.  The Mai-Mai apparently feel that, while they have been risking their lives for the Kabila regime, the army has been looting their villages and abusing their families.  The FAP now appears to have aspirations beyond simply protecting the country from foreign influence.  Some Mai-Mai spokespeople have announced that the FAP would be capable of running a united DRC, or would defer to the international community if some sort of peace deal were brokered, but they are unwilling to playing a significant part in a coalition government.  The group claims that it would be willing to turn in its weapons and negotiate directly with the Kabila government.