The objective of the Movement for Democracy and Development (MDD) was to remove the Deby regime in Chad and "install multiparty politics and full democracy." Striking a contrast between themselves and other African opposition movements, the MDD stressed that their aim was "not to impose a counter-dictatorship" on the people. For the most part, the MDD conducted insurgent-style attacks on government or military targets, though it was responsible for the 1995 kidnapping of four United Nations Development Program (UNDP) workers, including one American. A MDD representative claimed that the group's motive in the kidnapping was to illustrate the lack of government control and security in Chad, and within ten days, all hostages were released.<br /><p><br /><br />In December 1990, as Idriss Deby was completing his coup against his former commander-in-chief, Hessene Habre, over 3000 pro-Habre guerrillas fled Chad to Niger and Cameroon. The next year, these rebel elements were formed into the Movement for Democracy and Development (MDD) by Goukouni Guet, a former Habre aide. This group quickly formed a coalition with the Western Armed Forces (FAO) led by Issa Moussa and began their campaign against the Chadian government under Deby's rule. Following Guet's April 1992 capture in Nigeria, his subsequent extradition by the Nigerian government, and his execution in Chad, a ceasefire was signed and broken (allegedly by government forces) on the same day in June 1992. The rebels experienced success against government counter-insurgency efforts for roughly a year, after which the MDD split into two factions, one under Brahim Malla and the more dominant faction under Moussa Medellah Mahamat Seid, who ruled from exile.<br /><p><br /><br />The MDD reunited under Medellah's leadership in 1995, though many divides within the organization still existed. The group was comprised of roughly five factions in these years: Youssou Sougoudi's National Union for Democracy and Socialism, the Chadian National Armed Forces (FANT), the Western Armed Forces (FAO), the Action for Unity and Development (AFUD), and Medellah's dominant faction. In fact, several of these factions, claiming represent the whole of the MDD, signed cease fire agreements with the Deby government. Following a brief period of intense fighting in 1998, Medellah returned from exile to sign a peace accord with the government in 1999, an act which the MDD described as an "act of betrayal." Medellah was disowned, and a new leader, Guel Etkatou, emerged.<br /><p><br /><br />In 2000, one armed wing of the MDD broke off and changed its name to the Movement for Unity and the Republic (MUR), allying with the Movement for Democracy and Justice for Chad (MDJT) and the Revolutionary Democratic Council (CDR), groups who had been engaged in sporadic but intense clashes with government forces since 1998. All of these groups, including the MDD, would combine with the People's Democratic Front (FDP) in 2003 to form the Union Forces of Change (UFC), a military and political organization dedicated to ending the Deby regime. <br />