United Arab Revolution is a group that claimed responsibility for a July 1986 bombing attack on the al-Ahmadi oil complex in Kuwait.  The bombings caused massive damage to pipelines and oil wells, and nearly set nine million barrels of oil aflame.  <P><br /><br />A week after the attack, in a call to a news agency in Jordan, a man claiming to represent the United Arab Revolution declared responsibility for the bombings.  Saying the group was "dedicated to Arab unity," the speaker expressed anger towards the United States and its allies amongst the Arab nations.    <P><br /><br />Despite this claim, it quickly emerged that the actual perpetrators behind the attack were not a pro-Arab unity organization.  After an investigation by the Kuwaiti government, it was discovered that all of the alleged conspirators were Kuwaiti Shia Muslims, under orders from Iranian security services.  The Shia make up around 30% of the Kuwaiti population, and while most are loyal to the state, some in the community identify with their co-religionists in Shia-dominated Iran.  Lending further credence to the theory that Iran was behind the attacks, was the fact that the bombings were meticulously planned and carried out, suggesting the work of a national intelligence service rather then an unaffiliated and previously unheard of terrorist group.  Iran of course is a non-Arab country, and the attack on the al-Ahmadi oil complex had nothing to do with Arab unity. <P><br /><br />This attack took place during the Iran-Iraq war in which Kuwait was one of Iraq's most staunch supporters.  In addition to supplying financial support to its Arab neighbor, Kuwait also allowed Iraqi planes to use its airspace when mounting attacks on Iranian shipping.  Iran was also angry with Kuwait over the kingdom's refusal to lower oil production.  While countries like Iran and Libya favored cutting output in an effort to raise prices, Kuwait along with Saudi Arabia favored maintaining a status quo production level.  The al-Ahmadi incident was just one of many attacks on Kuwaiti soil and waters perpetrated by the Iranians in an effort to pressure the Kuwaitis to end support for Iraq, and accede to Iranian demands in terms of oil production. <P><br /><br />It is likely that the United Arab Revolution was not a genuine terrorist organization, but simply a smokescreen created by the actual perpetrators to throw investigators off the scent.  The Kuwaiti Shia arrested for the attack did not claim to be members of United Arab Revolution, and were shortly hanged by the Kuwaiti government.  Although Iran never admitted responsibility for the al-Ahmadi incident, it is widely understood that they were  in fact responsible.  <br />