Received moral and material support from Algeria and Cuba

The Liberation Front of Quebec was formed in February 1963.  This terrorist organization, commonly referenced by its French acronym FLQ, based its ideological foundations on two defining goals.  The first objective was to secure Quebec's separation from Canada.  Throughout its history, FLQ remained committed to independence for the Quebec province.  The Liberation Front's second goal was to improve the condition of Quebec's working class population.  Within the first few years of its existence, the FLQ would harden its socialist rhetoric through principles of Marxism. <P> The majority of the FLQ's terrorist attacks occurred between 1963 and 1972.  It was in October 1970 that the continuing terrorist actions of Quebec separatist groups came to a head.  During this violent period, known as the "October Crisis," the Liberation Front of Quebec went on a violent rampage throughout Quebec.  The violence prompted the Canadian government to authorize the War Measures Act on October 16, 1970.  The expanded powers granted by the law led to the capture of 500 suspected separatist terrorists.

The government crackdown, combined with a public backlash against FLQ's terrorist actions, severely limited the group's operations post-1972.  The group resurfaced in the late 1970s but has been dormant since then.  In 1995 Raymond Villeneuve, one of FLQ's co-founders, created a new terrorist organization, the Quebec National Liberation Movement.  Villeneuve vowed to use intimidation and violence to expel English speakers from Quebec province, and thereby move a step closer to Quebec independence.

Colonel Karuna Faction -- Splinter Group
Internet Black Tigers -- Faction
Revolutionary Eelam Organization (EROS) -- Ally

Tamil communities in North America, Europe, and Asia; Material support from India's Tamil Nadu state ended in 1987

Peace talks between the government of Sri Lanka and LTTE began in 1985 but were unsuccessful. In 1987, an Indian offer to supply peacekeeping assistance was accepted. However, after three years of counterinsurgency operations, Indian troops withdrew in 1990. In response to the assassinations of Indian Premier Rajiv Gandhi and Sri Lankan Presdient Premadasa by LTTE in 1991 and 1993, respectively, peace talks were re-launched, though these negotiations broke down quickly. <br /><p><br />With Norway acting as a mediator, a ceasefire was negotiated in 2002. Many analysts believed that the December 2004 tsunami disaster would serve to unite the government of Sri Lanka and the LTTE and solidify the terms of the agreement, but disputes over the distribution of international aid pushed the two groups further apart. In a move to quell a surge in violence in the early 2000s, the 2002 ceasefire terms were reconfirmed by both parties in 2006. However, a recent escalation of bombings and the May 2006 naval battle suggest that LTTE's destructive capability has only grown in strength and that peace for the region is nowhere in sight.<br />