Movement for Democracy and Development (MDD)

Movement for Democracy and Justice in Chad (MDJT) -- Ally

<a href="terrorist_organizations_by_country.asp?id=CM">Cameroon</a>, <a href="terrorist_organizations_by_country.asp?id=CD">Chad</a>, <a href="terrorist_organizations_by_country.asp?id=LY">Libya</a>, <a href="terrorist_organizations_by_country.asp?id=NI">Nigeria</a>

Since the inception of the UFC, the MDD has been inactive, though it is likely that significantly-weaker rogue MDD elements not absorbed by the merger still exist. It is speculated that the UFC was formed in response to more effective government counter-insurgency operations, the withdrawal of Libyan government funding for Chadian guerrilla movements, and a general weakening of the already-divided anti-Deby insurgency. Declining tensions after 2002 signal that the UFC is either taking an extended period of time to regroup or simply organizationally ineffective.

Movement for Democracy and Justice in Chad (MDJT)

Movement for Democracy and Development (MDD) -- Ally

Movement for Democracy and Justice in Chad (MDJC)

The Movement for Democracy and Justice in Chad was a guerilla movement dedicated to the overthrow of Chadian President Idriss Deby.  Founded in October 1998 by Deby's former Defense Minister, Youssouf Togoimi, MDJT militants operated in Northern Chad, in the mountainous Tibesti region near the border with Libya.  The group was a late-comer to Chad's vicious internal conflicts, which have been proceeding intermittently since the country won independence from France in 1965.  The most recent round of violence began in 1990, led primarily by groups in the South, such as the Movement for Democracy and Development (MDD), who were opposed to Idriss Deby's dictatorial rule.  The war has put a serious damper on Chad's development, forcing Deby to accommodate some of the rebels' wishes by introducing democratic reforms.  A constitution was adopted in 1996, and Deby was elected to a five year term, though the results are contested.  Within a couple of years, the rebellion in the South had largely dried up.  However, the reforms were not enough for MDJT leader Togoimi, who continued the fight in the North.  Although most of the MDJT's activities were directed against Chad's armed forces, they were accused of assassinating the President of an opposition party in 1999.  However, no evidence has been presented to substantiate that claim.