Tanzim Qa'idat al-Jihad Fi Bilad al-Rafidayn is the current name of the terrorist group Tawhid and Jihad, formerly led by Abu Musab Zarqawi. The U.S. State Department has understood this new name, which is translated as The Al-Qaeda Organization in the Land of the Two Rivers, to imply that Zarqawi saw his group as the center of Jihadist activities in Iraq. This change was made after Zarqawi formally pledged his alliance to al-Qaeda in a letter addressed to Osama bin Laden recovered by Coalition forces in Fall 2004. Despite the change in name, the letter makes it clear that the goals of Zarqawi's group  --  to overthrow the interim Iraqi government and establish an Islamic state in Iraq by forcing out the U.S.-led coalition  --  remain constant. Al-Qaeda in the Land of the Two Rivers is believed to be comprised of foreign terrorists, elements of the Kurdish Islamist group Ansar al-Islam, and indigenous Sunni Iraqis. <br /><p><br />The group issues claims of responsibility daily in Iraq for attacks on American and Iraqi security forces, often claiming several attacks in one day. The al-Qaeda Organization in the Land of the Two Rivers uses a variety of tactics that include RPG attacks against armored vehicles, guerilla style attacks by armed militants, suicide bombings, and the kidnapping and beheadings of foreigners. A video released in May 2004 gained notoriety for depicting Zarqawi brutally beheading Nicholas Berg, a civilian American contractor in Iraq. However, the group has increasingly eschewed such tactics since Zarqawi swore allegiance with al-Qaeda. Instead, al-Qaeda in the land of the Two Rivers, which is believed to derive most of its domestic support from Sunni Arabs, targets (in order of priority) Shiite Arabs, who are seen pro-American betrayers of the true faith, Coalition forces and their local support, including the fledgling Iraqi security forces, and Kurds, who are perceived to act as a "Trojan Horse" for Jewish economic infiltration into Iraq.<br /><p><br />In addition to frequent smaller scale attacks in Iraq, the group claimed responsibility for the bombing of three hotels in Amman, Jordan that left 67 people dead and injured more than 150. A stern rebuke issued by al-Qaeda number two, Ayman al-Zawahiri, shortly after the attack seems to have stopped the selection of targets outside of Iraq.<br />