Front for the Liberation of Lebanon from Foreigners (FLLF)

From the late 1970s to the mid-1980s the Front for the Liberation of Lebanon from Foreigners (FLLF) carried out numerous attacks, including several bloody car bombings.  The statements of responsibility for the attacks usually called for non-Lebanese factions and forces to leave Lebanon.  <br /><p><br />The attacks occurred against the backdrop of the complex, multi-sided civil war that engulfed Lebanon from the mid-1970s to the late 1980s.  The conflict broke out when Lebanon's long-standing confessional system, in which power was split along sectarian lines, collapsed in the mid-1970s.  A major contributing factor was the presence of numerous PLO factions that used Lebanon as a base for terrorism against Israel.  Early in the civil war, Syrian troops entered Lebanon as peacekeepers, although many Lebanese began to regard them as occupiers.<br /><p><br />The FLLF was usually described as a "shadowy right-wing" and alleged to be linked with the Lebanese Christian Phalange Party, which was opposed to the Syrian and the PLO presence in Lebanon. The wave of violent car-bombings claimed by the FLLF in the fall of 1981  targeted the PLO, Syria, and its Lebanese allies.  The PLO claimed that Israeli intelligence orchestrated the bombings.  The veracity of these claims is unclear.<br /><p><br />It is also possible that FLLF was a name adopted by several groups.  Some attacks that were claimed by the FLLF did not fit the Christian Phalange profile including several attacks on French interests, an assassination attempt against the U.S. Ambassador to Lebanon John Gunther Dean, and an attack on the Israeli consulate and a Jewish club in Sydney, Australia. <br />

The group is inactive.  There have been no reported attacks by the FLLF since 1983.  No perpetrators of the attacks were ever arrested or brought to trial.

Front for the Liberation of the Cabinda Enclave

Front for the Liberation of the Cabinda Enclave - Renewed -- Faction