Comando Jaramillista Morelense 23 de Mayo

CJN-23 has professed to be a peaceful organization and has publicly renounced terrorism and violence against civilians. Members claim the first bombings were timed to ensure no causalities. Although no attacks have been claimed by the CJN-23 since 2004, the group should be considered active and future attacks are likely to occur.

Combatant Proletarian Nucleus is a small, Communist terrorist group that has operated in the Tuscany region of Italy.  The group has been linked to a single terrorist incident, which occurred in August 2002.  The group is associated with the Marxist-Leninist groups that have operated in Italy since 1969.  This Communist terrorist movement has a long history of brutal murders, through assassinations and bombings.  <p><p>The Combatant Proletarian Nucleus uses the same logo as the Red Brigades, a terrorist group active between 1969 and 1984.  In addition to the Combatant Proletarian Nucleus, several other Italian terrorists also utilize the Red Brigades logo.  These groups espouse the same principles of class struggle that have been used by similar groups for decades.  This differentiates the Communist groups from some of the newer anarchist groups in Italy that operate under evolving principles.  In the words of the Combatant Proletarian Nucleus, the group was committed to the "revolutionary clash for power" and attacked a temporary employment agency because they are a "leech sucking the workers' blood" (Terrorist Group Lays Claim to Attack in Florence, Maurizio Bologni).  The group claims that temporary employment agencies work against their Communist goals.

It is likely that the Combatant Proletarian Nucleus was used merely as a cover name for a larger Communist terrorist group operating in Italy.  Italian intelligence experts suspect that the Marxist-Leninist group in Italy are working in concert and in some cases, have actually merged to form larger groups.  Therefore, it is possible that the Combatant Proletarian Nucleus either merged with a larger group after its 2002 attack or the group never existed and the name, Combatant Proletarian Nucleus, was used to disguise the identity of the actual attackers.